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CAPE TOWN, South Africa, May 31 2020 (IPS) – Tobacco use kills more than people each year. Most adult smokers start smoking before the . This implies that if one can get through adolescence without , the likelihood of being a smoker in adulthood is greatly reduced.
Preventing young people from becoming addicted to tobacco and related products is therefore key to a smoke-free future.
With the advent of novel tobacco products and the tobacco industry falsely marketing them as less harmful than their combustible counterparts, the adage “prevention is better than cure” has never been more important for governments to heed if we are to achieve a smoke-free future.
Here are five things that governments need to do to ensure that a smoke-free future is realised.
1. Raise taxes on tobacco products
Tobacco is one of the population-based strategies for decreasing tobacco consumption. On average, a increase in the price of cigarettes reduces demand for cigarettes by between 4% and 6% for the general adult population.
Because they lack disposable income and have a limited smoking history, young people are more responsive to price increases than their adult counterparts. Young people’s is also explained by the fact that they are also more likely to smoke if their peers smoke. This suggests that an increase in tobacco taxes also indirectly reduces youth smoking by decreasing smoking among their peers.
2. Introduce 100% smoke-free environments
Smoke-free policies reduce opportunities to smoke and erode societal acceptance of smoking. Most countries have some form of in place. But there are still many public spaces where smoking happens. Many of these places are frequented by young people – or example, smoking sections in nightclubs and bars – contributing to the idea that smoking is acceptable and “normal”.
from the United States shows that creating smoke-free spaces reduces youth smoking uptake and the likelihood of youth progressing from experimental to established smokers. In the , smoke-free places have been linked to a reduction in regular smoking among teenagers, and research from Australia finds that smoke-free policies were directly related to a drop in youth smoking prevalence between . By adopting 100% smoke-free policies governments can denormalise smoking and turn youth away from tobacco and related products.
3. Adopt plain packaging and graphic health warnings
The tobacco industry uses sleek and attractive designs to market its dangerous products to . All tobacco products should therefore be subject to plain packaging and graphic health warnings so that their attractive packaging designs do not lead youth to underestimate the harm of using these products. Currently 125 countries require graphic images on the packaging of tobacco products. Countries like South Africa that rely on a text warning message are far behind the curve. Plain packaging on tobacco products has been adopted in to date and, in January 2020, Israel became the first country to apply plain packaging to e-cigarettes.
4. Outlaw tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship
Traditional advertising and promotion of tobacco products has been banned in most parts of the world. But the tobacco industry has developed novel ways of keeping its products in the public eye.
Some common strategies used by the industry to target youth include hiring “influencers” to promote tobacco and nicotine products on social media, sponsoring events, and launching new flavours that are appealing to youth, such as bubble gum and cotton candy, which encourages young people to underestimate the potential harm of using them. Evidence also how the tobacco industry uses point-of-sale marketing to target children by encouraging vendors to position tobacco and related products near sweets, snacks and cooldrinks, especially in outlets close to schools.
Governments need to outlaw these tactics and impose hefty fines on tobacco companies that make any attempt to circumvent the law.
5. Educate young people
Given that tobacco of its long-term users, the tobacco industry needs to get young people addicted to its products to ensure its survival. Young people need to be made aware of this. Governments should launch counter-advertising campaigns that educate young people on the tactics employed by the industry to target them so that they do not fall prey to them.
, Research Officer, Research on the Economics of Excisable Products,, and , Professor at the School of Economics and Principal Investigator of the Economics of Tobacco Control Project,
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